Denis Diderot: 'From fanaticism to barbarism is only one step.'

From fanaticism to barbarism is only one step.

In Denis Diderot's thought-provoking quote, "From fanaticism to barbarism is only one step," a clear and straightforward meaning can be inferred. Diderot suggests that it takes but a small leap from extreme devotion or obsession to descend into a state of cruelty and uncivilized behavior. This warning serves as a reminder of the potential dangers that lie within individuals and societies when driven by absolute beliefs or principles. However, to add a twist of intrigue to the article, let us explore the notion of the quote from the lens of existentialism, a philosophical concept that brings a fresh perspective to the topic.Existentialism, a philosophical movement that emerged in the early 20th century, contends that individuals must create their own meaning and purpose in life. It places emphasis on individual freedom, responsibility, and the significance of personal choices. By examining Diderot's quote through an existentialist lens, we can delve deeper into the underlying complexities of fanaticism and barbarism.Fanaticism often arises from an individual's unwavering dedication to a particular idea, ideology, or belief system. It reflects an uncompromising commitment that can blur rational thinking and obliterate empathy towards others. Fanatics become consumed by their convictions, dismissing any opposing viewpoints as heresy. In this sense, fanaticism embodies a defiance of existentialist principles, as it denies the freedom to question, explore, and formulate one's own meaning of existence.In contrast, barbarism represents a regressive state of humanity, indicating a loss of civility, compassion, and respect for others. It is a manifestation of the darker side of human nature, where individuals abandon the constraints of morality and ethics. Barbarism erodes the existentialist notion of personal responsibility, as it reflects an inability or refusal to recognize the consequences of one's actions on the collective human experience.What existentialism teaches us is that fanaticism and barbarism are not inevitable outcomes of human existence. Instead, they are choices individuals make or are influenced into making. By acknowledging the importance of personal freedom and responsibility, existentialism presents an alternative path, one that rejects the extreme ideologies that lead to fanaticism and the subsequent slide into barbarism.Existentialism encourages individuals to question their beliefs, challenge societal norms, and embrace diversity. By doing so, one can foster a sense of shared humanity based on understanding, empathy, and the recognition of multiplicity in perspectives. Rather than succumbing to fanaticism, existentialism promotes the exploration and acceptance of individuality, granting each person agency in shaping their own existence.In this context, Diderot's quote becomes a cautionary reminder to guard against the allure of absolute certainties and extreme dogmas. It urges individuals to maintain a critical perspective, avoiding the pitfalls of fanaticism that may ultimately lead to the loss of our collective humanity.Ultimately, understanding the relationship between fanaticism, barbarism, and the principles of existentialism allows us to take a step back and evaluate our own beliefs and actions. By embracing existentialist values, we can cultivate a society that celebrates diversity, values intellectual discourse, and safeguards against the dangerous journey from fanaticism to barbarism.