Henri Bergson: 'Intelligence is the faculty of making artificial objects, especially tools to make tools.'

Intelligence is the faculty of making artificial objects, especially tools to make tools.

Henri Bergson once famously said, "Intelligence is the faculty of making artificial objects, especially tools to make tools." At first glance, this quote seems relatively simple and straightforward - intelligence is the ability of humans to create objects, particularly tools, that aid in their survival and progress. However, beneath this seemingly conventional interpretation lies a profound philosophical concept that challenges our understanding of intelligence and our place in the world.On the surface, Bergson's quote emphasizes the human capacity to create tools, which separates us from other organisms. As intelligent beings, we possess an innate drive to manipulate our environment, inventing tools that enable us to overcome physical limitations and enhance our capabilities. From the primitive tools used by our early ancestors to the advanced technological marvels of our modern age, our intelligence has driven the development of a vast array of artificial objects.Through these artificial objects, we not only shape our physical environment, but we also shape ourselves. Tools are not just means to an end; rather, they transform our relationship with the world around us and have a profound impact on our very being. In this sense, intelligence is not simply a cognitive function but a creative force that propels us forward, constantly pushing the boundaries of what is possible.However, to truly appreciate the depth of Bergson's quote, we must delve into a deeper philosophical concept - the notion of technicity. Jacques Derrida, a prominent French philosopher, introduced the idea of technicity as a way to understand the intricate relationship between humans, tools, and technology. Technicity suggests that there is a fundamental intertwining of human existence and artificial objects, where tools shape not only our physical world but also our lived experience.While Bergson's quote highlights the act of making artificial objects, Derrida's concept of technicity invites us to question the very nature of our intelligence. Are we truly the masters of our tools, or do they, in turn, hold power over us? Does our intelligence serve us, or are we mere slaves to the objects we create?In this context, the quote takes on a new meaning, inviting us to consider the intricate dialectic relationship between our intelligence and our tools. It challenges us to reflect on how our tools shape our perceptions, values, and even our sense of self. In a world where technology permeates every aspect of our lives, from smartphones to artificial intelligence, it becomes crucial to question whether our intelligence is truly advancing us forward or if we are becoming increasingly dependent on the tools we create.Moreover, this philosophical exploration leads us to ponder questions about the nature of progress itself. As we strive to create more sophisticated tools, to make tools that can make tools, are we progressing as a species, or are we merely perpetuating a cycle of dependence and artificiality?Ultimately, Henri Bergson's quote reveals the intricate relationship between human intelligence and artificial objects. It highlights our unique capacity to create tools that shape the world around us and expand our capabilities. However, delving deeper into the concept of technicity raises profound philosophical questions about the true nature of our intelligence, the power dynamics between humans and tools, and the ever-evolving nature of progress.As we navigate the complexities of an increasingly technologically driven world, it becomes essential to reflect on the impact of our intelligence and the tools we create. By seeking a balance between our drive to innovate and our ability to live authentically, we can cultivate a harmonious relationship with our artificial objects. Only then can we truly harness the power of our intelligence to shape a future that is both progressive and humanistic.