Why didn’t Jane Eyre marry St. John?
Abstract: This report aims to analyze the reasons why Jane Eyre, a fictional character in Charlotte Brontë's 1847 novel, did not marry St. John Rivers and instead chose to return to Mr. Rochester. By examining the specific details of their relationship and the broader societal context, we aim to draw lessons about 19th century English society and the factors that influenced marital choices, especially for women.
Introduction: In 19th century England, marriage was a significant social institution, heavily influenced by gender roles, social status, and economic considerations. As a work of fiction, Charlotte Brontë's "Jane Eyre" offers a window into the complexities of romantic relationships and the societal expectations that often shaped them. This report will focus on the relationship between Jane Eyre and St. John Rivers, who, despite being a potential suitor, did not become her husband.
Analysis:
Gender Roles and Expectations: During the 19th century, women were generally expected to be submissive, obedient, and dependent on their husbands. However, Jane Eyre's character is portrayed as strong-willed, independent, and resilient. In her interactions with St. John, Jane resists his attempts to control her life and mold her into his ideal missionary wife. She maintains her individuality, refusing to be subsumed by his desires, which ultimately leads her to reject his proposal. This act of defiance highlights the novel's exploration of women's autonomy and individuality, challenging the traditional gender roles prevalent in 19th century English society.
Marriage as a Partnership: In the novel, Jane Eyre believes in a marriage based on mutual love, respect, and companionship. In contrast, St. John Rivers' proposal is rooted in pragmatism and duty, as he believes Jane would make an ideal wife for his missionary work in India. He lacks passion and genuine affection for Jane and disregards her emotional needs. By refusing his proposal, Jane demonstrates her preference for a marriage built on love and partnership, rather than fulfilling societal expectations.
Social Status and Economic Considerations: Jane's initial poverty and low social standing were critical factors in her decision-making throughout the novel. However, upon inheriting a fortune from her uncle, Jane gains financial independence, which allows her to make choices based on her desires rather than economic necessity. Her newfound wealth empowers her to reject St. John's proposal and pursue a relationship with Mr. Rochester, highlighting the role of financial security in shaping women's marital choices in 19th century English society.
Religious and Moral Values: Religion and morality played a significant role in 19th century England, often influencing personal relationships and social norms. St. John Rivers, a devout Christian and aspiring missionary, is driven by his sense of duty and religious obligation. However, Jane recognizes that a life of missionary work does not align with her values and aspirations. By not marrying St. John, Jane demonstrates the importance of personal compatibility and shared values in determining a successful marriage.
Conclusion: Jane Eyre's decision not to marry St. John Rivers exemplifies the complexities and challenges of marital choices in 19th century English society. The novel highlights the importance of individuality, love, and partnership in marriage, while also exploring the impact of gender roles, social status, economic considerations, and religious values on personal relationships. By examining this specific case, we gain insight into the societal forces that shaped women's lives and choices during this time period, and the ways in which fictional narratives can challenge and critique prevailing norms.
